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Commemorative Coins of Republic India

2012-02-16T09:03:00.001+05:30

Commemorative Coins of Republic India

Denom.	Date	Metal	Subject of Coin	Mum.	Cal.	Hyd.	Noida
5 Paise	1976	AM	FOOD & WORK FOR ALL	B	C	H
5 Paise	1977	AM	SAVE FOR DEVELOPMENT	B	C	H
5 Paise	1978	AM	FOOD & SHELTER FOR ALL	B	C	H
5 Paise	1979	AM	HAPPY CHILD - NATION'S PRIDE	B	C	H

10 Paise	1974	AM	PLANNED FAMILIES - FOOD FOR ALL	B	C	H
10 Paise	1975	AM	EQUALITY DEVELPOMENT PEACE	B	C
10 Paise	1976	AM	FOOD & WORK FOR ALL	B	C
10 Paise	1977	AM	SAVE FOR DEVELOPMENT	B	C
10 Paise	1978	AM	FOOD & SHELTER FOR ALL	B	C	H
10 Paise	1979	AM	HAPPY CHILD - NATION'S PRIDE	B	C	H
10 Paise	1980	AM	RURAL WOMEN'S ADVANCEMENT	B	C	H
10 Paise	1981	AM	1ST “WORLD FOOD DAY”	B	C
10 Paise	1982	AM	IX ASIAN GAMES	B	C	H
10 Paise	1982	AM	2ND “WORLD FOOD DAY”		C	H

20 Paise	1969	AB	MAHATMA GANDHI	B	C	H
20 Paise	1970	AB	FOOD FOR ALL	B	C
20 Paise	1982	AM	2ND “WORLD FOOD DAY”		C	H
20 Paise	1983	AM	FISHERIES		C	H

25 Paise	1980	CN	RURAL WOMEN'S ADVANCEMENT	B	C	H
25 Paise	1981	CN	WORLD FOOD DAY	B	C	H
25 Paise	1982	CN	IX ASIAN GAMES	B	C	H
25 Paise	1985	CN	FORESTRY FOR DEVELOPMENT	B	C	H

50 Paise	1964	PN	JAWAHARLAL NEHRU (English)	B	C
50 Paise	1964	PN	JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ( Hindi )	B	C
50 Paise	1969	PN	MAHATMA GANDHI	B	C
50 Paise	1972	CN	25th ANNIVERSARY OF INDEPENDENCE	B	C
50 Paise	1973	CN	GROW MORE FOOD	B	C
50 Paise	1982	CN	NATIONAL INTEGRATION	B	C
50 Paise	1985	CN	RESERVE BANK OF INDIA	B	C	H
50 Paise	1985	CN	INDIRA GANDHI	B	C	H
50 Paise	1986	CN	FISHERIES	B	C	H
50 Paise	1986	SS	50th YEAR OF INDEPENDENCE	B	C	H	N

Rupee	1964	PN	JAWAHARLAL NEHRU	B	C
Rupee	1969	PN	MAHATMA GANDHI	B	C
Rupee	1985	CN	INTERNATIONAL YOUTH YEAR	B	C
Rupee	1987	CN	SMALL FARMERS	B	C
Rupee	1988	CN	RAINFED FARMING (FAO)	B	C
Rupee	1989	CN	JAWAHARLAL NEHRU CENTENARY	B	C	H	N
Rupee	1989	CN	FOOD & ENVIRONMENT (WORLD FOOD DAY)	B		H
Rupee	1990	CN	DR. B.R. AMBEDKAR CENTENARY	B		H
Rupee	1990	CN	15 YEARS OF I.C.D.S.	B		H
Rupee	1990	CN	CARE FOR THE GIRL CHILD	B		H
Rupee	1990	CN	FOOD FOR THE FUTURE		C	H
Rupee	1991	CN	COMMON WEALTH PARLIAMENTARY CONFERENCE	B
Rupee	1991	CN	TOURISM YEAR	B		H
Rupee	1991	CN	RAJIV GANDHI (issued in 1992)	B		H	N
Rupee	1992	CN	FOOD & NUTRITION		C
Rupee	1992	CN	QUIT INDIA ANNIVERSARY	B	C	H
Rupee	1993	CN	PARLIAMENTARY UNION CONFERENCE	B
Rupee	1994	SS	INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE FAMILY	B	C	H
Rupee	1995	SS	8TH WORLD TAMIL CONFERENCE	B		H	N
Rupee	1997	SS	CELLULAR JAIL	B	C	H	N
Rupee	1999	SS	SAINT DNYANESHWAR	B	C		N
Rupee	2002	SS	LOK NAYAK JAYPRAKASH NARAYAN	B	C	H
Rupee	2003	SS	MAHARANA PRATAP	B		H
Rupee	2003	SS	VEER DURGADASS			H
Rupee	2004	SS	150 YEARS INDIA POST		C
Rupee	2010	SS	PLATINUM JUBLEE OF RBI	B	C	H	N

2 Rupees	1982	CN	IX ASIAN GAMES	B	C
2 Rupees	1982	CN	NATIONAL INTEGRATION	B	C
2 Rupees	1982	CN	LAND VITAL RESOURCES		C
2 Rupees	1993	CN	SMALL FAMILY HAPPY FAMILY	B		H
2 Rupees	1993	CN	BIO DIVERSITY	B		H
2 Rupees	1994	CN	WATER FOR LIFE	B	C	H
2 Rupees	1995	CN	8TH WORLD TAMIL CONFERENCE	B
2 Rupees	1995	CN	AGRI EXPO - 95	B	C
2 Rupees	1996	CN	SARDAR VALLABH BHAI PATEL	B	C	H	N
2 Rupees	1996	CN	SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE CENTENARY		C
2 Rupees	1997	CN	SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE CENTENARY	B	C	H	N
2 Rupees	1998	CN	SRI AUROBINDO	B	C	H	N
2 Rupees	1998	CN	DESHBANDHU CHITTARANJAN DAS		C	H	N
2 Rupees	1999	CN	CHHATRAPATI SHIVAJI	B	C	H	N
2 Rupees	2000	CN	SUPREME COURT OF INDIA	B	C		N
2 Rupees	2001	CN	DR. SHYAMAPRASAD MUKHARJEE		C	H	N
2 Rupees	2002	CN	SANT TUKARAM	B	C	H	N
2 Rupees	2003	CN	RAILWAYS 150 GOLRIOUS YEARS	B	C	H	N
2 Rupees	2007	SS	INDIAN AIR FORCE PLATINUM JUBILEE		C
2 Rupees	2009	SS	LOUIS BRAILEE	B	C	H
2 Rupees	2010	SS	PLATINUM JUBLEE OF RBI		C
2 Rupees	2010	SS	XIX COMMONWEALTH GAMES-2010	B	C	H	N

5 Rupees	1984	CN	INDIRA GANDHI	B		H
5 Rupees	1989	CN	JAWAHARLAL NEHRU CENTENARY	B		H
5 Rupees	1994	CN	WORLD OF WORK (ILO)	B		H	N
5 Rupees	1995	CN	50TH ANNIVERSARY OF UNITED NATIONS	B			N
5 Rupees	1995	CN	FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANISATION	B		H	N
5 Rupees	1995	CN	8TH WORLD TAMIL CONFERENCE	B			N
5 Rupees	1996	CN	MOTHER'S HEALTH IS CHILD'S HEALTH	B		H	N
5 Rupees	1996	CN	2ND INTERNATIONAL CROP SCIENCE CONGRESS		C
5 Rupees	2001	CN	BHAGWAN MAHAVIR	B			N
5 Rupees	2002	CN	DADABHAI NAOROJI	B	C	H
5 Rupees	2004	CN	K. KAMRAJ	B		H
5 Rupees	2004	CN	LALBAHADUR SHASTRI BIRTH CENT.		C
5 Rupees	2004	SS	LALBAHADUR SHASTRI BIRTH CENT.		C	H
5 Rupees	2005	CN	75 YEARS OF DANDHI MARCH	B
5 Rupees	2005	SS	75 YEARS OF DANDHI MARCH	B
5 Rupees	2006	CN	MAHATMA BASAVESHWAR	B
5 Rupees	2006	SS	MAHATMA BASAVESHWAR	B
5 Rupees	2006	CN	JAGATH GURU SREE NARAYAN GURUDEV	B
5 Rupees	2006	SS	JAGATH GURU SREE NARAYAN GURUDEV	B
5 Rupees	2006	SS	STATE BANK OF INDIA		C	H
5 Rupees	2006	CN	STATE BANK OF INDIA		C
5 Rupees	2006	SS	ONGC 50 CELEBRATING INDIA		C	H
5 Rupees	2006	CN	ONGC 50 CELEBRATING INDIA		C
5 Rupees	2007	CN	LOKMANYA BAL GANGADHAR TILAKJI	B
5 Rupees	2007	CN	LOKMANYA BAL GANGADHAR TILAK	B
5 Rupees	2007	SS	LOKMANYA BAL GANGADHAR TILAK	B
5 Rupees	2007	SS	50 YEARS KHADI AND VILLAGE IND.	B
5 Rupees	2008	SS	150 YEARS THE FIRST WAR OF INDEP.	B
5 Rupees	2008	NB	150 YEARS THE FIRST WAR OF INDEP.	B
5 Rupees	2009	NB	SAINT ALPHONSA	B	C	H
5 Rupees	2009	NB	PERARIGNAR ANNA	B	C	H
5 Rupees	2009	NB	60 YEAR’S OF COMMONWEALTH	B	C	H
5 Rupees	2009	NB	RAJENDRA PRASAD	B	C	H	N
5 Rupees	2010	NB	PLATINUM JUBLEE OF RBI	B	C	H	N
5 Rupees	2010	NB	MOTHER TERESA	B	C	H	N
5 Rupees	2010	NB	C. SUBRAMANIAM		C	H
5 Rupees	2010	NB	1000 YEARS OF BRIHADESWARA TEMPLE	B	C	H	N
5 Rupees	2011	NB	RABINDRANATH TAGORE	B	C	H	N
5 Rupees	2010	NB	XIX COMMONWEALTH GAMES-2010	B	C	H
5 Rupees	2011	NB	INCOME TAX- 150 YEARS OF BULDING INDIA		C
5 Rupees	2011	SS	SHAHEED BHAGAT SINGH( BIRTH CENTENARY)		C
5 Rupees	2011	NB	Civil Aviation 100 Years	B
5 Rupees	2011	NB	100 yrs of ICMR	B

10Rupees	1969	S	MAHATMA GANDHI	B	C
10Rupees	1970	S	FOOD FOR ALL	B	C
10Rupees	1972	S	25TH ANNIVERSARY OF INDEPENDENCE	B	C
10Rupees	2009	BM	HOMI BHABA	B			N
10Rupees	2010	BM	PLATINUM JUBLEE OF RBI	B
10Rupees	2011	BM	GUR-TA-GADDI OF SHRI GURU GRANTH SAHIB	B		H

The Mule Coins of Republic India

2012-02-10T10:37:00.002+05:30

WHAT ARE MULE COINS AND HOW THESE ARE PRODUCED:

The coins, which have the obverse die of one coin and reverse die of another, are known as Mule Coins. Mules are produced when two or more different (face) coins of same denomination are being produced almost concurrently by a mint. By mistake / negligence of the mint staff, one of the dies; which was intended for some other issue, is wrongly mated on a coin punching press. Mules are sometimes accidentally produced at the time of re-striking coins of earlier periods. Unless the obverse and reverse dies are correctly paired at the time of re-strike, the coins struck may have the wrong obverse or reverse.

i) 1979 Happy Child Nation's Pride - 10 Paisa: Mule Issue Of Mumbai Mint:

The Happy Child Nation’s Pride 10 paise - normal issue:

The year 1979 was proclaimed by UNESCO as the “INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF THE CHILD”. To commemorate this occasion India issued in denomination 5P, 10P, 10Rs and 50Rs on 5^th March, 1979, on the theme “HAPPY CHILD - NATION'S PRIDE”. On the normal 10P coin, the lettering ‘INDIA’ on the obverse is smaller and the top of the Lion Capital is raised above the circular line of alignment.

10 Paise , Happy Child - Normal coin

Food & shelter for all 10 paise - normal issue :

Similarly, a development oriented series (in denomination 5P, 10P, 10Rs and 50Rs) on the theme “FOOD & SHELTER FOR ALL” was issued in India on 16^th August, 1978. On 10P coin, the lettering ‘INDIA’ on the obverse is larger and is in circular line of alignment with the top of the Lion Capital.

10 Paise , Food & Sheter - Normal coin

The Happy Child Nation’s Pride 10 paise - mule issue:

In this mule coin the obverse die of “FOOD & SHELTER FOR ALL” 10 paise coin was wrongly paired with the reverse die of “HAPPY CHILD - NATION'S PRIDE” 10 paise coin.

10 Paise , Happy Child - mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
KM # 33; 1979 10P Happy Child Nation’s Pride	KM# 32; 1978 10P Food & Shelter for All	KM# 34; Reverse of A + Obverse of B

ii) 1984 INDIRA GANDHI - 50 Paisa Mule And FISHERIES 50 Paisa Mule Issues Of Kolkata Mint:

The Indira Gandhi 50 paise - normal issue:

To pay homage to late Prime Minister Mrs Indira Gandhi, India issued commemorative coins of 50P, 5Rs, 20Rs and 100Rs on birthday on 19th November, 1985. On the normal Indira Gandhi, 50P coins, a dotted circle is present on both the obverse and reverse sides.

50 Paise , Indira - Normal coin

The Fisheries 50 Paisa - normal issue:

To highlight the need to increase catches of fish to supplement the diets of millions of people in the country, coins of 50P, 20Rs and 100Rs were issued on 16th October, 1986 – the 6th World Food Day. On the normal Fisheries, 50P coins, no dotted circle is present on either sides of the coin.

50 Paise , Fisheries - Normal coin

a) 1984 Indira Gandhi 50 Paisa - mule issue:

In this mule coin the obverse side does not show a dotted circle, which is found on the obverse of the normal coin.

50 Paise , Indira - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
KM # 67.1; 1985 150P Indira Gandhi	KM# 68.1; 1986 50P Fisheries	KM# 67.2; Reverse of A + Obverse of B

b) 1986 FISHERIES - 50 Paisa: Mule issue:

In this mule coin the obverse side shows a dotted circle, which is not found on the obverse of the normal coin.. Please see the photo of the normal Fisheries coin posted above.

50 Paise , Fisheries - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
KM# 68.1; 1986 50P Fisheries	KM # 67.1; 1985 150P Indira Gandhi	KM# 68.2; Reverse of A + Obverse of B

How these mules were produced:

By mistake, on some day in the year 1986, when both Indira Gandhi, 50 p coin and the Fisheries, 50p coin were simultaneously being minted at Kolkata mint, the obverse die of Indira Gandhi, 50 p coin, was interchanged with the obverse die of Fisheries, 50p coin, and this resulted these two mule coins.

iii) 2004 DADABHAI NAOROJI - 5 Rs: Mule issue of Kolkata mint:

The Dada Bhai Naoroji 5 rupees (CN) - normal issue:

In commemoration of Dadabhai Naroji, India issued this 5 rupees commemorative coin on 2^nd October, 2003. It was issued from Mumbai, Kolkata, Hyderabad mints. The obverse side of this coin has a tooth/flower design along its periphery.

5 Rupees , Dada Bhai - Normal coin

The Dada Bhai Naoroji 5 rupees (CN) - mule issue:

This mule coin was issued from Kolkata mint. Its observe side does not have any tooth/flower design along its periphery. The diameter of the coin field (distance between rims on the opposite side) is 21 mms. The value of this coin, shown by a stylized international numeral ‘5’ below the lion capital, has a shorter gap in the bottom swing of the ‘5’.

5 Rupees , Dada Bhai - Mule coin

How this mule coin might have been produced (A hypothesis):

As this mule coin was minted from Kolkata mint, by wrongly using the obverse die of a 5 rupees commemorative coin; that commemorative coin must have the following specialties:

It must have been issued from Kolkata mint
Its obverse should have no tooth/flower design along the periphery
Its coin field should have been 21 mms.
The value of this coin, shown by a stylized international numeral ‘5’ below the lion capital, should have a shorter gap in the bottom swing of the ‘5’.
Its obverse design should be exactly same to the obverse design of the Dadabhai mule coin
It should have been issued in a year, adjacent to 2003, the issue year of Dadabhai coin.

The Lalbahadur Shastri commemorative coin - 2004 qualifies in all the above points.

The normal Lalbahadur Shastri, 5 rupees (CN) issue:

At the conclusion of Lal Bahadur Shastri birth centenary celebrations, India issued this 5 rupees coin on 4^th october, 2005. So I think that, by mistake, on some day in the year 2004 , when both the 5 rupees Dadabhai and Shastri coins were being minted at Kolkata mint, the obverse die of 5 rupees Shastri (CN) coin, was wrongly used in place of the normal obverse die of 5 rupees Dadabhai coin, and this resulted this Dadabhai, 5 rupees mule coin.

5 Rupees CN, Shastri - Normal coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
KM# 308; 2003 5Rs Dadabhai Naroji	KM # 336 2004 5Rs Lal Bahadur Shastri	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

iv) 2005 DANDI MARCH, 5 Rs (FSS) – mule issue of Mumbai mint:

The Dandi March, 5 rupees (FSS) - normal issue:

In commemoration of the 75^th anniversary of the Dandi March, India issued coins of Rs 5 & Rs 100 on 2^nd October, 2005. It was issued from Mumbai mint only. In the normal FSS, 5 Rs coin, the diameter of the coin field (distance between rims on the opposite side) is 22 mms. The value of this coin, shown by a stylized international numeral ‘5’ below the lion capital, has a longer gap in the bottom swing of the numeral ‘5’. The gap between the bottom of lion pedestal and Hindi word ‘Satyamev Jayte’ appears to be more.

5 Rupees FSS, Dandi March - Normal coin

The Dandi March, 5 rupees (FSS) - mule issue:

In this mule coin, the diameter of the coin field is 21 mms. The value of this coin, shown by a stylized international numeral ‘5’ below the lion capital, has a shorter gap in the bottom swing of the ‘5’. Tail of 5 is thick. The gap between the bottom of lion pedestal and Hindi word ‘Satyamev Jayte’ appears to be less.

5 Rupees FSS, Dandi March - Mule coin

How these mules might have been produced ( A hypothesis):

2002 Mahavir (Mumbai) and 2004 LalBahadur Shastri (Kolkata) were issued in the same period with a coin field of 21 mms and their designs are same as Dandi march mule. Possibility of Shastri is being ruled out since it was not produced by Mumbai Mint. Some earlier 5Rs coins of 1994-96 like ILO, FAO, Tamil Conference, UN, Crop Science Congress and Mothers Health is Child’s Health also matched the criteria but these were ignored since dies may have deteriorated in a decade. From above, it is clear that Mahavir Obverse was used to make Dandi Mule. However readers are encouraged to suggest alternate theory.

The normal Bhagwan Mahavir, 5 rupees (CN) issue:

On the occasion of 2600th birth anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavir, this 5 rupees coin was issued on the on 25^th April, 2002.

5 Rupees , Mahaveer - Normal coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
KM# 325; 2005 5Rs 75 Years of Dandi March (FSS)	KM # 304 2001 5Rs 2600 Anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavir	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

Important Note regarding Dandi March Mules:

In the UNC sets, Proof Sets and some circulation coins, the Dandi March 5 Rs coin was in Cupro-Nickel. Most of the circulated coins were issued in FSS. In the Cu-Ni coins, the obverse side also have tooth/flower design in the periphery; which is absent in FSS coins. For our discussion, we are not taking it under Mule as the metal is different.

v) 2005 BASAVESWAR, 5 Rs(FSS) - mule issues of Mumbai mint:

In commemoration of Basaveshwara, India issued Rs 5 & Rs 100 coins , on 23^rd June, 2006. It was issued from Mumbai mint only. In this coin the diameter of the coin field is 22 mms. The value of this coin, shown by a stylized international numeral ‘5’ below the lion capital, has a longer gap in the bottom swing of the ‘5’. The gap between the bottom of lion pedestal and Hindi word ‘Satyamev Jayte’ appears to be more.

5 Rupees FSS, Basaveshwara - Normal coin

The Basaveswar, 5 rupees (FSS) - mule issue:

5 Rupees FSS, Basaveshwara - Mule coin

How these mules might have been produced ( A hypothesis):

As explained in the case of Dandi March mule, the Basaveshwara Mule was also produced by wrongly using Mahavir Obverse die.

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
KM# 324; 2006 5Rs Mahatma Basashewara (FSS)	KM # 304 2001 5Rs 2600 Anniversary of Bhagwan Mahavir	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

My readers are encouraged to intimate me about any other suitable explanations, proposed by them, explaining the occurrence of these mule coins.

Important Note regarding Basashewara Mules

In the UNC sets, Proof Sets and some circulation coins, the Basaveswara 5 Rs coin was in Cupro-Nickel. Most of the circulating coins were issued in FSS. In the Cu-Ni coins, the obverse side also have tooth/flower design in the periphery; which is absent in FSS coins. For our discussion, we are not taking it under Mule as the metal is different.

5 Rupees, Basaveshwara - Cupro - Nickel coin

Acknowledgement:
Many thanks to Dr. PV Bharat for sending this mule coin for my collection.

vi) JAGATH GURU SREE NARAYANA GURUDEV, 5Rs FSS - mule issue:

Jagath Guru Sree Narayana Gurudev, 5 Rupees Fss - Normal Issue:

In commemoration of the 150^th birth anniversary of Jagath Guru Sree Narayana Gurudev, India issued this 5 rupees coin in September, 2006. This coin was minted from Mumbai mint and it has a dotted circle on both its Obverse and Reverse sides.

5 Rupees, Narayana Guru - Normal coin

JAGATH GURU SREE NARAYANA GURUDEV, 5 rupees FSS - Mule issue:

This mule coin has no dotted circle on its obverse side. Its obverse shows a tooth/flower design at its periphery.

5 Rupees, Narayana Guru - Mule coin

How these mule coin might have been produced ( A hypothesis):

The design on the obverse of this mule coin is identical in all respects with the obverse of the 5 rupees cupro-nickel coin of Basaveswara, or Dandi March. The photographs of all two have been provided earlier. Some day while the minting of 5 rupees FSS Narayan Guru coin was going on, wrongly the obverse die of the 5 rupees cupro-nickel Basaveswar / Dandi March coin was paired with reverse die of 5 rupees Narayan Guru coin and this resulted this mule coin.

Basaveshwara Cupro-nickel coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
5Rs Jagat Guru Narayan Guru (FSS)	5Rs Basaveswar CN/ Dandi March CN	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

Acknowledgement:

Personally I do not have this mule coin in my collection. The photo of the mule coin shown in this post was collected by my friend, Mr. Sekhar Kausik of New Delhi. He has been kind enough to allow me to use his photo in my blog. Many many thanks for his kindness.

vii) 2005 CROSS 2Rs Mule Coin of Kolkata mint:

The normal 2 rupees cross coin of 2005, issued from Kolkata mint:

This coin was issued in the year 2005, in the theme “Unity In Diversity” popularly called as “Cross Coins”. Its obverse shows, the value "2", which measures 9mm in height and smaller in size. The “date” is displayed in bigger numerals. Its reverse shows, a "double plus" symbol which, measures 18 mm in length.

2005, 2 Rupees Cross - Normal coin

The 2 rupees cross coin of 2007, normal issue from Kolkata mint:

This coin was issued in the year 2007 from Kolkata mint, in the theme “Unity In Diversity”. Its obverse shows, the value "2", which measures10 mm in height and bigger in size. The “date” is displayed in smaller numerals. Its reverse shows, a "double plus" symbol which, measures 20 mm in length.

2007, 2 Rupees Cross - Normal coin

The 2 rupees cross coin of 2005, mule issue from Kolkata mint:

This mule coin is with the obverse of 2005 cross coin and reverse of 2007 cross coin.

2005, 2 Rupees Cross - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
2Rs Cross of 2005: Large date + small cross	2Rs Cross of 2007: Small date + Large cross	Obverse of A + Reverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

viii) 2007 CROSS 2Rs mule coins of Kolkata mint:

The 2 rupees cross coin of 2007, mule issue from Kolkata mint:

This mule coin is with the obverse of 2007 cross coin and reverse of 2005 cross coin.

2007, 2 Rupees Cross - Mule coin

How these mules were produced:

By mistake, on some day in the year 2007, when both 2005, 2 rupees cross coin and the 2007, 2 rupees cross coin were simultaneously being minted at Kolkata mint, the obverse die of the 2 rupees cross, 2005 coin, was interchanged with the obverse die of 2 rupees cross, 2007 coin, and this resulted these two mule coins

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
2Rs Cross of 2007: Small date + Large cross	2Rs Cross of 2005: Large date + small cross	Obverse of A + Reverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

ix) 2008 5 Rs IT and Connectivity - mule issue of Kolkata mint:

5 rupees Regular FSS coin, 2008 (Theme – IT and Connectivity) - normal issue:

This 5 rupees steel coin (Theme – IT and Connectivity)(Design - Waves) was issued in 2007 and 2008. The reverse of this coin shows waves design and the value of this coin. The obverse side of this coin contains Lion Capitol & year. Coin Diameter – 23 mm; Diameter of the coin field – 22 mm; Distance between two horizontal lines – 12 mm; Height of the Lion Capital – Bigger, 8.5 mm; Font size of the date - Bigger

5 Rupees IT - Normal coin

50 paise Regular FSS coin, 2008 (Theme – Nritya Mudra) - normal issue:

This 50 Paisa steel coin (Theme – Nritya Mudra)(Design – Clenched Fist) was issued from 2008. The reverse of this coin shows a clenched fist design and the value of this coin. The obverse has Lion Capital & year. Coin Diameter – 22 mm; Diameter of the coin field – 20.5 mm; Distance between two horizontal lines – 11 mm; Height of the Lion Capital – smaller, 6.5 mm; Font size of the date - smaller

50 Paise Nritya Mudra - Normal coin

5 rupees Regular FSS coin, 2008 (Theme – IT and Connectivity) - mule issue:

This coin is a mule coin having obverse of 50 Paisa coin (Theme – Nritya Mudra), and reverse of 5 rupees coin (Theme – IT and Connectivity). Please mark that the use of smaller obverse die of 50 Paisa steel coin has created an unusual wider rim on the obverse side of this mule coin.

5 Rupees IT - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
5Rs 2008 IT & Connectivity. Large lion capital + large distance between parallel lines.	50P 2008 Nritya Mudra. Small lion capital + small distance between parallel lines	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

ix) 2008, 2 Rs Natya Mudra - mule issue of Noida mint:

2008, 2 Rs Regular FSS coin, (Natya Mudra) - normal issue:

This 2 rupees steel coin (Theme – Natya Mudra) (Design – Two pointing fingers) was issued in India in 2008. The reverse side of this coin shows two pointing fingers and the value of this coin. The obverse side of this coin shows the Lion Capitol and ‘Satyameva Jayate’ in Hindi, between 2 parallel lines, the name of the country ‘Bharat’ in Hindi and ‘INDIA’ in English at the top, in a straight line and year of issue ‘2008’ at the bottom, also in a straight line.

2 Rupees Natya - Normal coin

2008, 10 Rs Regular Bi - Metal coin, (IT and Connectivity) - normal issue:

This 10 rupees Bi - Metal coin (Theme – IT and Connectivity) (Design – 15 radiating patterns) was issued in India in 2008. The reverse of this coin shows ‘10’ in International numerals showing the value of this coin, with 15 radiating patterns above ‘10’ and ‘RUPEES’ in English and Hindi at the lower periphery. The obverse side of this coin shows Lion Capitol and ‘Satyameva Jayate’ in Hindi just below it, within 2 parallel lines, the name of the country ‘INDIA’ both in English and Hindi, appear in a curved line in the top periphery and year of issue ‘2008’ also in a curved line in the bottom periphery.

10 Rupees IT and Connectivity - Normal coin

2008, 2 Rs Regular FSS coin, (Natya Mudra) - Mule issue:

This coin is a mule coin having obverse of 10 Rs, Bi - Metal coin (Theme – IT and Connectivity), and reverse of 2 rupees coin (Theme – Natya Mudra). Please mark that the use of obverse die of 10 rs IT and Connectivity coin has shown the name of the country and the year of issue in a curved fashion which is not found on the normal issue.

2 Rupees Natya - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
2 Rs 2008 Natya Mudra. ‘INDIA’ and “Bharat’ in straight line + ‘2008’ in straight line and in smaller fonts.	10 Rs 2008 IT and Connectivity. ‘INDIA’ and “Bharat’ in curved line + ‘2008’ in curved line and in larger fonts.	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause. A very rare Mule

Note: Personally I do not have this mule coin in my collection. The photo of the mule coin shown in this post was collected by my friend, Mr. Sekhar Kausik of New Delhi. He has been kind enough to allow me to use his photo in my blog. Many many thanks for his kindness.

x) 2010, 5 Rs Mother Teresa Comm - mule issue of Hyderabad mint:

2010, 5 Rs Mother Teresa Commemorative - normal issue:

In commemoration of the Birth Centenary celebrations of Mother Teresa, India issued this 5 rupees Nickel- Brass coin on 28th August, 2010, for general circulation. This 5 rupees Nickel- Brass coin was minted at all the 4 Indian mints. The reverse of this coin shows the image of Mother Teresa.

The obverse of this coin shows the usual - Name of the country (India) in English and Hindi, its denomination and the Ashokan Lion. The Ashokan lion, on this coin, is a fat lion.

5 Rupees , Mother Teresa - Normal coin

2010, 5 Rs Mother Teresa Commemorative - Mule issue:

Though the obverse side of this coin, issued from all 4 mints, has a fat Ashokan Lion, the mule coin issued from Hyderabad has a thin Ashokan lion.

5 Rupees , Mother Teresa - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
5Rs 2010 Mother Teresa	5rs 60 yrs of Common wealth / Perarignar Anna / Sister Alphonsa	Reverse of A + Obverse of B.

xi) 2010, 5 Rs Brihadeeswarar Temple Commemorative - mule issue of Mumbai mint:

2010, 5 Rs Brihadeeswarar Temple Commemorative - normal issue:

In commemoration of 1000 years of establishment of BRIHADEESWARAR TEMPLE, India issued Rs 5 coin on 26^th September, 2010. This coin was minted at all the 4 Indian mints. The reverse of this coin shows the image of this temple in the background and an image of Raja Raja Chola I (who built the temple) in the fore ground.

The obverse of this coin shows the usual - Name of the country (India) in English and Hindi, its denomination and the Ashokan Lion. The Ashokan lion, on this coin, is a thin lion.

5 Rupees , Temple - Normal coin

2010, BRIHADEESWARAR TEMPLE, 5 Rs(Nickel-Brass) - Mule issues of Mumbai mint:

The obverse of this coin shows a fat Ashokan Lion.

5 Rupees , Temple - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
5Rs 2010 Brihadeeswarar Temple ,Tanjavur	5rs Mother Teresa / R N Tagore / Dr. Rajendra Prasad	Reverse of A + Obverse of B.

xii) 2011, 5 Rs R symbol - mule issue of Kolkata mint:

5 rupees Regular Nickel-Brass, 2011 (Theme – New R symbol) - normal issue:

This 5 rupees Nickel-Brass coin (Theme – New R symbol) (Design - Flowers), was issued in 2011. The reverse of this coin shows New R symbol at the top, the value of this coin at the center, year of issue at the bottom and 2 Flower designs at the left and right periphery. The obverse side of this coin shows Lion Capital with ‘Satyameva Jayate’ in Hindi, just below it and “Bharat’ in Hindi on the left and ‘INDIA’ In English on the right periphery. The fur lines of the lion on the right side, extend from top left to right down wards. Coin Diameter – 23 mm; Diameter of the coin field – 21.5 mm; Height of the Lion Capital – Bigger, 13.5 mm;

2011 - 5 Rupees R symbol - Normal coin

1 rupee Regular FSS, 2011 (Theme – New R symbol) - normal issue:

This 5 rupees Nickel-Brass coin (Theme – New R symbol) (Design - Flowers), was issued in 2011. The reverse of this coin shows New R symbol at the top, the value of this coin at the center, year of issue at the bottom and 2 Flower designs at the left and right periphery. The obverse side of this coin shows Lion Capital with ‘Satyameva Jayate’ in Hindi, just below it, “Bharat’ in Hindi on the left and ‘INDIA’ In English on the right periphery. The fur lines of the lion on the right side, extend from top to down wards. Coin Diameter – 22 mm; Diameter of the coin field – 21 mm; Height of the Lion Capital – Smaller, 13 mm;

2011 - 1 Rupee R symbol - Normal coin

5 rupees Regular Nickel-Brass, 2011 (Theme – New R symbol) - (Design - Flowers) - Mule issue:

This coin is a mule coin having obverse of 1 rupee FSS coin (Theme – New R symbol) (Design - Flowers), and reverse of 5 rupees Nickel-Brass coin (Theme – New R symbol) (Design - Flowers).

2011 - 5 Rupees R symbol - Mule coin

Base Coin (A)	Piggyback Coin (B)	Mule Produced
5Rs 2011. New R symbol. Larger lion capital	1 Re 2011. New R symbol. Smaller lion capital	Reverse of A + Obverse of B. Not listed in Krause.

Acknowledgement :

I am very much thankful to my friend Md.Tanwer Alam of Howrah, as he was kind enough to gift me this mule coin for my collection.

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Acknowledgement:

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I express my thanks to my friend Mr. Sanjay Kansal, for going through the entire script and making necessary changes in the text and the presentation.

MINT ERROR COINS OF INDIA

2012-02-10T10:33:00.002+05:30

MINT ERROR COINS OF INDIA

When any item is mass produced in any machine, it is quite natural to find some of the items produced, to contain some error / defective samples in it. Minting of coins is no exceptions to this. As coins are minted in huge numbers, we find some error specimens coming out of the production line.

These error coins can be grouped under four major types:

a) Striking errors

b) Planchet errors

c) Die errors

d) Other errors ( errors not coming under any of the 3 types described above)

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Striking Errors

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Die Adjustment Strikes / Extremely weak strikes

Die adjustment strikes are also known as die trials. This error occurs when a coin is struck from the press with very little pressure. When the press is being set up and adjusted, extremely weak strikes occur as the strike pressure reaches its optimum level. These die trials are destroyed after being struck and are rarely found in circulation.

Alternatively these weak strikes may have been made when the coining press is stopped after a day’s work is over. When the coining press is switched off, some last pieces of coins minted, may have received a very weak strike from the coining press.

From Mayank Agarwal's collection

OFF CENTER STRIKES:

Here only part of the coin blank is struck on its both sides.

How it occurs:

When coins are being struck, the lower die (reverse die) is surrounded by a collar. This collar floats on springs, which prevents damage to the coinage press, if there is a malfunction. When a planchet is fed into the coinage press, it should rest inside the collar on the reverse die (lower die).

If the planchet does not rest completely inside the collar, you will have an Off Center struck coin. Only part of the coin will show the design. Since the collar floats beside the die, it is pushed down if the planchet is resting on the collar during the striking process.

Note: To be an Off Center struck coin, both the obverse and the reverse must be equally off center and part of the design elements must be missing. If only one side of the coin is off center, it is a MAD (Mis-Aligned Die).

MAD(Mis-Alligned Die) STRIKE:

The coin shown is a MAD Strikecoin.

Mis Aligned Die Error

Here the obverse side of the coin is well centered, but the reverse side is slightly off center.

BROAD STRIKES:

Normally, when any coin is struck in the minting press, a collar surrounds the metal disk as the dies come together, and the coin metal is squeezed against it. Naturally, the resulting coin will have almost exactly the same diameter as the inside of the collar. So all coins of a particular denomination are of uniform size.

When some dirt or debris lodge between the collar and the lower die, it inhibits the free movement of the collar. When the collar is not there (is out of position), the coin metal is unrestrained and an over-sized coin results. These types of coins are called broad strikes.

5 Rupees Ni - Br, Broad Strike

2 Rupees Mudra - FSS, Broad Strike

Note: If the entire design is visible on the off center error coin, it is considered as a broadstrike. If, however, any part of the design is missing due to the coin not being centered under the die, then it's considered to be an off center error.

DOUBLE STRIKE:

When a coin is first struck as a well-centered coin, but is struck again before the coin could leave the coining chamber, a Double Strike coin is created.

Double strikes are of two main types:

i) Double strikes with the second strike OFF CENTER.

In this type of error coin, both sides of the coin shows a normal strike and an off-center double impression.

The above specimens are 2 rupees National integration off center double struck coins.

How it occurs:

In this type of error coins, a coin is first struck as a well-centered coin, but is struck again after the coins moves some distance, covering part of the die.

ii) Double strikes with the second strike ON - CENTER.

In this type of error coin, one side of the coin shows a normal strike and the other side shows an on-center double impression. Here in the error coin shown below, the reverse side is normal but the obverse side is struck double.

Obverse side is double struck on - center

The specimen shown below is another double strike on - center .

Taken from Tejas H Shah's Album

How it occurs:

Here the coin is first struck as a well-centered coin, but a loose obverse die twists slightly and strikes again.

Acknowledgement:

The 2 rs Nritya Mudra coin shown on the top is collected by my friend Mr. Mayank Agarwal, of Varanasi. The 25 paise Rhino coin shown under it, is collected by my friend Mr. Tejas H Shah, of Mumbai. I am thankful to both of them for allowing me to use the images of their coins in my blog.

FLIPPED DOUBLE STRIKES:

Flipped Double Strikes are first struck normally, then turned up-side-down (and perhaps rotated) and struck again.

5 Rupees CN - Flipped double Strike

How it occurs:

The planchet is fed into the coinage press and rest inside the collar on the anvil die (Reverse die). After being struck, the anvil die moves upward, raising the coin. Now the coin is supposed to exit the coinage press and go to a collecting area.

If the coin does not eject properly and spins, it falls back inside the collar. The second strike is totally at random. It is possible for the coin to settle back inside the collar and be struck the second time with opposite dies. Though this is very rare, it does occur at times.

DOUBLE DENOMINATION:

Here one coin is struck on a previously struck coin. This is deliberately made in some countries, in which when a ruler is changed, new coins showing his effigy and his name are minted on previously circulating coins, instead of minting those on fresh new blanks. It is also done by mistake in some countries like USA where a half dollar struck on struck dime, a cent struck on struck dime etc are reported.

But this type of error is very unusual in case of Indian coins. In the coin photo given below, you will find that a 1 rupee ear of corn design coin of 2004 was first minted on the blank. Again a 1 rupee cross design coin of 2005 was struck on that previously struck 1 rupee ear of corn design coin of 2004.

obv of 2005 on rev of 2004, 1 rupee rev of 2005 on obv of 2004, 1 rupee

Note: You can find faint impressions of "Rupaye" in Hindi and year of issue 2004 of the previously struck 1 rupee "ear of corn" design rupee coin, on the obverse side of the 1 rupee cross coin. Again you can find a part of the Lion capitol on the cross on the reverse side.

Acknowledgement: Many thanks to Mr. Tejas H Shah of Mumbai for allowing me the post the photo of this coin from his collection.

BROCKAGES: (Lakhi Coins)

Brockages are specimens of coins, those are found with normal design on one side and a part of the same design or the same design in full, incused or stamped on the other side also. These are also called as “Lakhi” coins.

Two types of Brockages are generally found:

i) A Full Brockage: (Mirror Brockage)

A Full Brockage will have the same picture and wording on both sides of the coin, but on one of those sides, everything is backwards. Also, everything is 'set in' to the coin surface, instead of raised. It results when one of the Coining Dies is completely covered by a previously struck coin.

Full Brockages are of two types.

a) Obverse Full Brockage:
Here on both sides of the coin the obverse image is found.

1 Rupee Cupro-Nickel - Full Obverse Brockage

a) Reverse Full Brockage:
Here on both sides of the coin the reverse image is found.

1 Rupee Cupro-Nickel - Full Reverse Brockage

Note: This, Reverse Brockage error shown above, is very rare to find
.

Acknowledgement:

This 1 Rupee Reverse Brockage coin is actually collected by one of my friends, Mr. Abhay Agrawal, of Gwalior. He was kind enough, to allow me to use his coin photo in this blog. Many many thanks to him.

How full brockage occurs?

This happens when the coin last struck in the chain gets lodged in the die and then another blank comes into position and is struck. The new blank gets the normal impression on one side. The coin, still stuck in the die, acts as a die and the other side of the blank receives an incused impression from the face of the previous lodged coin.

ii) A Partial Brockage:

In a coin with Partial Brockage, we find normal design on one side and a part of the same design is found incused or stamped on the other side.

Subhas Bose- Partial Brockage

Here some incused text in reverse is found on the obverse face of the coin.

1 Rupee FSS- Partial Brockage

In the above coin, a part of the lion capitol, a part of "Satyameva Jayate" is found incused on the reverse side.

How partial brockage occurs?

This type of brockage is formed when a coin, after being minted, is not ejected from the press and remains covering only a small part of one die, while another planchet is struck. The result is that, the portion of the first coin covering part of one die, acts as a die for the second coin blank and makes an incuse impression of the exposed face.

DIE CAP:

At times, a coin will stick to a die and be struck several times with a die. The more times the coin is struck, the more the metal from the coin moves up and around the die. Some of them can resemble a bottle cap, thus the term DIE CAP.

Die Cap Error

Die Cap Error from Abhaya's collection

Acknowledgement:

This 50 paise Die Cap Error coin is actually collected by one of my friends, Mr. Abhay Agrawal, of Gwalior. He was kind enough, to allow me to use his coin photo in this blog. Many many thanks to him.

INDENTS:

An indent error occurs when two blanks are fed inadvertently into the same collar, with one blank partly overlaying on top of the other. When the hammer die strikes this combination, the upper blank will be forced into the lower blank, creating a depression on the lower blank, which is shaped similar to the upper blank. The upper blank gets a shifted image on its upper side, and its lower side having no image at all, thus creating an UNIFACE strike.

Indent Error

UNIFACE STRIKES:

A coin having no design on one of its faces is called an Uniface coin. We find many types of UNIFACE coins.

Full design on one side and other side blank:

It occurs when there have been two blank planchets in the press at the same time, the upper blank fully covering the lower coin blank. The upper blank will obstruct the upper die from having the upper design on the lower blank, and the lower blank will obstruct the lower die from having the lower design on the upper blank. So both the blanks become uniface coins.

50 paise - Uniface coin

Shifted strike on one side and other side blank:

It occurs, when there have been two blank planchets in the press at the same time, the upper blank partially covering the lower blank. In this situation, the upper blank will partially obstruct the upper die from having the complete upper design on the lower blank, and the lower blank gets an indent error. As the lower blank completely obstructs the lower die, the upper blank gets no design on its lower side and only gets a shifted strike on its upper side.

Uniface strike due to a die cap:

When a die cap remains adhered to a die for a long time, the design on the exposed face of the die cap, becomes indistinct and coins minted at that time are found to be uniface.

Note: A very indistinct image of a Rhino is found on the reverse side.

MATED PAIR:

A planchet fall inside the collar and a previously struck coin fall on the collar, partially covering the coin blank. If the two are struck with the dies, you can have a mated pair. Each coin of a mated pair is each struck at least twice. Some may be struck several times. The odds of finding them are very rare.

Upper coin of a mated Pair

Note: Its partner is not yet found by me.

BLANK PLANCHET:

These are of two types: one which has been freshly cut in the blanking press (Type One), and one which has slightly raised rims after going through a softening process (Type Two). They simply slipped by the striking presses.

Blank Planchet for 5 Rupees Nickel - Brass coin

Blank Planchet with rim in 5 Rupees CN coin ( From album of Tejas H Shah)

Blank Planchet for 50 Paise FSS coin

Acknowledgement:

This 50 paise blank coin was actually collected by one of my friends, Mr. C.G.Bhargav of Chennai. He was kind enough, to gift me this specimen for my collection. Many many thanks to him.

EDGE ERRORS:

Security Edge Missing:

Normally high value coins are produced with a 'Security edge'. This is done to check counterfeiting of coins. Coins having 'security edge' are first struck with the usual upright milling, at the time the obverse and reverse designs are impressed upon them. These are next passed through a second press, where the security mark is put on the edge, under pressure.

But, while being fed into the second machine, if a few coins accidentally skip the press, these may go to circulation with normal upright milling. Thus we find another type of error in coin specimens with upright milling which should have a 'security edge'.

A 5 rupees Cupro- Nickel coin with a milled edge.

Plain edge in place of Milled edge:

To lower the production cost, in later parts of 1990, Government of India instructed mints to put milled edge on 1 rupee coins from 1991. But some 1 rupee Fss coins minted during 1992 to 1996 are with plain edge in place of milled edge.

DIE CLASH / GHOSTING ERROR:

When the upper die moves downwards to strike a coin when no coin blank is there in between, both the dies strike each other. At this high pressure of the strike, some designs of the obverse die is left on the reverse die in relief and some designs of the reverse die is left on the obverse die in relief. When any fresh blank is minted by those dies, an incused image of some text or design of the obverse die is found on the reverse side of the coin and vice versa also occurs. This type of error is called Die clash error / Ghosting error.

Indira Ghost error

National Integration - Ghost error

Cellular Jail - Ghost error

Note: This error is very common in case of 2 rupees National integration Cupro-Nickel coins.

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Planchet Errors

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COIN STRUCK ON A WRONG SIZE BLANK:

When a coin is struck on a wrong planchet, this means that a coin was struck on the blank (planchet) that was made for another denomination. Some examples would be a 50 paise planchet struck with rupee dies, a rupee planchet struck with 2 rupees dies. Coins struck on the wrong planchets are rare.

i) 1 Rupee minted on 50 paise blank:

1 Rupee Normal coin 1 Rupee on 50 paise blank

i) 2 Rupees minted on 1 rupee blank:

2 Rupees Normal coin 2 Rupees on 1 rupee blank

How this error occurs?

The bins, that are used to transport the planchets from the blanking machine to the coinage press, has seams inside the bin. Sometimes a planchet will stick in the seam and not be release when the bin is emptied. Then the bin is filled with another denomination planchets but this time when the bin is emptied, all the planchet are released from the bin.

Thus a 50 paise planchet can be emptied into the rupee coinage press with thousands of rupee planchets.

CLIPPED COIN:

In some minted coins we find a portion of the coin is clipped. These types of error are called a clipped coin error. 4 types of clipped error coins are generally found.

i) Coins with a straight clip.

ii) Coins with a curved clip.

iii) Coins with a multiple clips.

iv) Coins with a ragged clip.

How is a clipped coin made?

A clipped coin is made long before it becomes a coin. It starts its life as a clipped planchet. This is the blank before the dies in the coinage press strike it.

A punching-cutting machine is used to make the planchets. Long rolled sheets of metal are automatically feed into the machine. The punching-cutting machine goes up and down, cutting circular planchets out of the thin metal strips.

Straight clip:

If the metal sheet is not lined up properly with the punch-cutting machine, straight clips can be formed. This is because the metal is feed into the machine to far to the right or left. The punching-cutting machine will cut circles out of the sides of the sheets, which do not fill the area cut by the punch. This leaves one side of the planchet straight. This creates a straight clip.

Curved clip:

If the metal is not feed into the punch-cutting machine at a steady speed, the movement of the metal does not keep up with the punching operation. When this happens, the machine is cutting circular planchets out of an area in the metal, that has already been cut to get a single planchet. This creates a curved clip.

From Mayank Agarwal's Collection

Multiple clips:

When the punch-cutting machine is cutting circular planchets, out of an area in the metal, that has already been cut to get more than 1 planchets, a multiple clip is created.

Multiple Clips ( 3 curved clips)

The coin shown above has 3 curved clips.

Ragged clip:

If the roll of metal over feeds the punch-cutting machine, the punching machine cuts the ends of the roll. This creates a ragged clip.

From Mayank's collection

COIN STRUCK ON A DIFFERENT METAL BLANK:

i) Half Rupee coin struck on Brass blank in place of Nickel blank:

George VI - Half Rupee Struck on Brass

Here, the shown specimen is a George VI half rupee brass coin, which is supposed to be minted in Nickel. Perhaps this occurred by mistake as the minting of the half rupee was done with planchet prepared from brass sheets, which was used for minting of brass ½ Anna or 1 Anna or 2 Anna coins.
This coin may be forgery, made for circulation during that period.

ii) Two Rupees coin struck on Nickel blank in place of Cupro-Nickel blank:

Magnetic 2 Rupees National Integration coin

The coin shown above is issued by Kolkata mint in the year 1998. It is a regular issue on the theme "National Integration". Normally all the hen-decagonal shaped National Integration coins were issued in India during 1992 to 2004 in Cupro-Nickel alloy and are non magnetic. But this coin was wrongly minted using pure Nickel and is magnetic.

CRACKED / CHIPPED COIN BLANK:

Some specimens of minted coins show some cracks or a chipped surface. This happens when a CRACKED / CHIPPED coin blank is fed to the coining press.

Cracked Coin Blank

Cracked from side (From Mayank Agarwal's collection)

Obverse chipped

Reverse chipped

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Die Errors

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DIE CRACK ERROR:

At times, during the minting process, a die develops cracks. Coins minted with that cracked die are known as die crack error coins. The crack may be a single crack or multiple cracks.

a) Die with a single crack:
i) Both portions of the cracked die are in the same level:
When a coin blank is minted using such a die , a raised hair line is seen on the coin face.

Coin minted with a die having a single crack

ii) The small cracked portions of the die is in a higher level than the rest:
In this case a smaller portion of the coins remains in lower level than the rest.

iii) The small cracked portions of the die is in a lower level than the rest:
In this case a smaller portion of the coin remains in raised level than the rest.

b) Die with multiple cracks:

When coins are minted using a die with multiple cracks, they show a portion of the coin design in an area, lower / higher to the coin surface.

From album of Tejas H Shah

Acknowledgement:

The coin shown above is collected by my friend Mr. Tejas H Shah, of Mumbai, one of the greatest collector of error coins in India. I am thankful to him for allowing me to use the image of his coin in my blog.

DIE BREAKS (CUDS):

At times, a part of a die breaks and falls off. When a coin blank is minted with this broken die, the missing portion of the die allows the metal of the planchet to fill this broken area, making a raised blank area. This type of error is called a CUD error.

Cud Error in 1 rupee coins

Cud Error in 5 rupees and 50 paise coins

Cud Error in 10 p, 25 p and 2 rupees coins

DIE AXIS ROTATION:

While minting a coin, both the dies are kept in such a position, that the top most design of the obverse and reverse coin exactly face each other. This type of error occurs, when one of the dies is rotated with respect to the other die. In this type of error, the Obverse / Reverse Die is rotated, anywhere from 5-180 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise.

This rotational error is also described by some people as different hours of the clock. For example a clockwise rotation of 90 degree, is called as 3 O’clock rotation error. Similarly a 180 degree rotation, is called as 6 O’clock rotation error and a 90 degree counter clockwise rotation, is called as 9 O’clock rotation error.

6 O'clock Rotation

MULES:

The coins minted with the obverse die of one coin and reverse die of another coin, are known as Mule Coins. Mules are sometimes accidentally produced at the time of re-striking coins of earlier periods. Unless the obverse and reverse dies are properly paired at the time of restriking, the coins struck may have the wrong obverse or wrong reverse.

Indira - 50 paise - Mule

How this occurs?

The above picture shows a Mule Indira Gandhi, 50p coin. On the normal Indira Gandhi, 50p coins, a dotted circle is present on both the obverse and reverse sides. In 1986 another 50p coin was issued on the theme Fisheries and there was no dotted circle on either sides of that coin. By mistake, on some day in the year 1986, the reverse die of Indira Gandhi, 50 p coin, was paired with the obverse die of Fisheries, 50p coin, for minting of Indira Gandhi, 50 p coin, and this resulted this mule coin.

Note: To see the other Mule coins issued in India, please visit the page, “Mule coins of India”.

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Other Errors

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PRE ISSUE:

Netaji Subhash Chandra bose was born in the year 1897. So, 1997 is the centenary year of his birth. But due to mistakes, the Kolkata mint issued a commemorative coin in his honour in the year 1996. This coin was withdrawn due to protest from all circles and re issued in 1997.

2 Rs - Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose -1996

Note: This is one of the RARE coins of Republic India.

WRONG NAME OF THE COUNTRY ON THE COIN:

10 paise coins in FSS were issues from the year 1988. But inadvertently, some coins issued by Kolkata mint in 1988 and 1989, shows the name of the country as “Marat” in Hindi, in place of “Bharat”

Note: This is one of the SCARCE coins of Republic India.

ADDITION OF “JEE” IN HINDI, IN 5 RUPEES BAL GANGADHAR TILAK COMMEMORATIVE CUPRO-NICKEL COIN:

A 5 rupees commemorative coin was issued in 2007 in commemoration of 150 years of birth anniversary of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak. Inadvertently, in Hindi his name was written as “Tilakji” in place of “Tilak”. Due to protests from various sectors, this coin was withdrawn, a fresh die was prepared with “Tilak”, new coins were minted and issued.

Tilak Ji coin

Note: This is one of the RARE coins of Republic India.

CRACKED SURFACE ERROR:

The coin shown below shows multiple cracks on its both faces, resembling a drought affected land. The cause of this error is not known to me.

Multiple Crack Lines on both Obverse and Reverse sides

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Acknowledgement:

I have taken the help of the following web-site for preparation of this page.

i) http://www.bakercoins.net/learn/error.ed/index.html

ii) http://littlemistakes.com/WorldErrors/misstrikes/misstrikes.html

I have used some photographs from the collection of the following collector friends

i) Mr. Mayank Agarwal of Varanasi
ii) Mr. Tejas H Shah of Mumbai
iii) Mr. Abhay Agrawal of Gwalior

I am very much thankful to all of them..